Derivation of biomonitoring equivalent for inorganic tin for interpreting population-level urinary biomonitoring data

Interpreting human biomonitoring data in a public health risk context using Biomonitoring Equivalents.

Human biomonitoring (HBM) has proven an extremely valuable tool for determining which chemicals are getting into people, detecting trends in population exposures over time, and identifying populations with exposures above background. The potential significance of the HBM data in the context of existing toxicology data and risk assessments can be assessed if chemical-specific quantitative screen...

Biomonitoring equivalents: a screening approach for interpreting biomonitoring results from a public health risk perspective.

Advances in both sensitivity and specificity of analytical chemistry have made it possible to quantify substances in human biological specimens, such as blood, urine, and breast milk, in specimen volumes that are practical for collection from individuals. Research laboratories led by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in its series National Report on Human Exposure to Environm...

Setting a Baseline for Biomonitoring

Identifying Chemical Groups for Biomonitoring

Introduction Environmental health researchers and government scientists in the United States typically encounter a paucity of information on both toxicity and exposure for most chemicals in commerce (Judson et al. 2009; Egeghy et al. 2012; Neltner et al. 2013; Silbergeld et al. 2015). Even if data are available, federal and state agencies have limited capacity for assessing health risks (GAO 20...

The use of biomonitoring equivalents for interpreting blood concentrations in population studies: a case for polychlorinated biphenyls

A number of exposure guideline values for environmental contaminants are established by various agencies for risk assessment purposes. Biomonitoring equivalents are conversions of external guideline values to internal doses, against which biomonitoring data can be directly compared. Several biomonitoring equivalents have been developed for the interpretation of blood concentrations of environme...